Angelica Bottaro is a writer with expertise in many aspects of health, including chronic diseases, Lyme disease, and nutrition as medicines and supplements.
Nicholas R. Metrus, MD, is a neurologist and neuro-oncologist certified by the board of directors. He currently works at the Glasser Brain Tumor Center in Summit, New Jersey.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive autoimmune disease that occurs when immune cells attack the protective layer (myelin) of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. Although there is no cure for this disease, there are many treatment options.
One treatment option is infusion of drugs, which can calm the attack, control symptoms, and slow the progression of the disease. Read on to learn more about MS infusion therapy.
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Infusion therapy is a treatment that uses a central venous catheter (centerline) to inject drugs directly into the bloodstream through an intravenous injection (IV, through a vein).
The center line is much longer than the typical IV. It is placed in the main vein near or inside the heart. If a person needs multiple IV treatments, the centerline can be used.
Infusions can replace certain oral medications, because passing through the digestive system will reduce the effectiveness of the medications. These lines are also used when the drug needs to be administered at a specific rate.
Infusion therapy is commonly used to provide certain disease relief therapy (DMT) to MS patients. DMT suppresses certain functions of the immune system and slows damage to nerves and myelin.
Intravenous fluid therapy is usually given in your doctor's office or hospital. Before starting the infusion, you will be prepared for IV insertion. You will also receive medications such as antihistamines, corticosteroids, and antipyretics to prevent side effects associated with the infusion.
Since intravenous fluids may take four hours or more to complete, you may get some comfortable items such as blankets and pillows. Once the initial setup is complete and the IV is properly connected, you will begin treatment. You can pass the time by reading or watching TV.
After the treatment is over, the IV will be removed and you will be monitored for the infusion response for up to one hour. If it does not happen, you will be able to go home and resume your daily activities.
If you experience signs or symptoms of an infusion-related reaction within the first 24 hours after the infusion, such as hives, rash, cough or wheezing, unusual tiredness, headache, nausea, facial redness, or shortness of breath, call your doctor immediately. Although some reactions are not medical emergencies, others may be.
IV The appointment time will vary greatly depending on the medications you are taking. For example, one medicine may take up to four hours, while another medicine may only take one to two hours.
The length of the infusion depends on the medicine you are taking. When determining the duration of infusion therapy, other factors related to the specific circumstances of MS will also be considered.
There are several types of DMT that are given intravenously, including:
You will not be able to choose which infusion medicine to receive. Your provider will discuss these options with you and determine which one will be the best choice for your particular situation.
As with most medical treatments, the infusion of MS does carry the risk of side effects. Each type of DMT used for MS has its own possible adverse effects. Common infusion side effects include:
The common side effects of Tysabri are:
Tysabri may also have some serious side effects, including:
The side effects of Lemtrada can be mild or severe. Common symptoms of Lemtrada include:
People taking Lemtrada can also experience more serious side effects, including:
Most of the side effects of Novantrone are mild and include:
In some cases, Novantrone can cause serious side effects that require medical care, such as:
Ocrevus may have common and more serious side effects. Common side effects may include:
More serious side effects of Ocrevus may include:
Before you take the medicine, it is difficult to determine the effect of the medicine on you. If you have any minor or common side effects related to you, be sure to consult your doctor.
If you notice any worsening of symptoms or serious adverse reactions, you may need to seek immediate medical attention. Although rare, some serious side effects can be fatal.
If you are not sure whether you have a serious reaction to the infusion medication, go to the emergency room for examination.
For many MS patients, infusion therapy may be an effective treatment. However, not everyone can benefit from all infusion medications. You and your healthcare team may need to try a variety of methods to find the best method for you.
MS treatments and medications are improving every day. Many drugs in use are very effective in controlling symptoms, reducing sudden onsets, and slowing down disease progression. Your doctor can discuss the infusion treatment with you and determine whether it is suitable for your situation.
MS infusion is generally considered safe, but there is always a risk of infusion reactions or side effects. Discuss your concerns with your healthcare provider. The doctor will help you make an informed decision about your care.
It may be uncomfortable or painful to insert the needle into the centerline before starting the infusion, but the infusion itself is not painful. Once you take the medicine, you are unlikely to feel any discomfort or pain.
Your care team may encourage you to eat before the infusion. When you receive infusion therapy, nutrient-rich foods are good for your body. There is no need to take any specific precautions, diet or other before MS infusion treatment.
It is difficult to determine how you feel after the infusion. You may feel dizzy or tired, but since everyone responds differently to the medication, you must be accompanied by someone during the first infusion. They can provide support and take you home after you finish treatment.
Get tips and advice on how to live a full and happy life with MS.
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